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Wednesday 20 January 2016

The Bardenas Reales in Navarra.(The bad lands).

Following our memorable time in the high Pyrenees with the wonderful Lammergeier Vultures, the weather threw rain, sleet, and snow at us. We had spent time exploring Ainsa before continuing across the mountain passes, sometimes shrouded in freezing clouds that even filled the valleys below us.



Our route had taken us through and around remote villages and stunning panoramas.
Autumnal colours.









Rivers of Glacial waters and houses built off the rock.

We climbed high to the border crossing from Navarra into France, at the col Portalet, then spent that night in the Valle Pic de Midi d'Ossau in France. Driving back the following morning to the 
col Portalet.


    We had watched Blue rock Thrush and rock buntings, and dippers were seen in the fast-flowing stream below us. We then paused, drinking a welcome coffee, watching a lone Lammergeier soar along the peaks.
 The col de Portalet can be quite bleak. That morning, with frozen rain driving into our faces, we took in the rugged landscape. The distant sound of water splashing over the rocks and the occasional eerie cry of a bird engulfed us in a deep sense of solitude. One felt dwarfed in the vast space, with its towering snowy peaks.
   Back in the province of Navarra and having left the mountains behind us, we stopped at Lumbier, not to walk the ancient railway line through the narrow gorge we had enjoyed many times before. That day, we intended to visit the vulture feeding station just outside the town.



As we neared the feeding station, the hillsides were alive with Griffon vultures, resembling spectators at a football game, known in vulture terms as a "wake". The Griffons were watching the comings and goings from the carcass. These vultures may have eaten; if the crop is complete, they will sit sleepy, even half torpid, to digest the food.


Griffon vultures are joined by Ravens and Red Kites in a frenzy of feeding.
We could hear the grunts and hisses as they squabbled over the carcass, a sound that was also heard at their nesting sites.

 Feeding stations like this have been set up across Spain since the BSE crisis (mad cow disease) among stock herds across Europe. Throughout Spain, carcasses were left out on the land for the Vultures and other predators to clear up. Farmers are now prohibited from this practice. 
The vultures rarely take healthy stock; they are usually the sick and wounded they predate upon. 



Overhead, the Griffons were circling; this is known as a Kettle!


The vultures' length can be up to 122cm, 48 inches, and they may have a wingspan of 2.8 metres, 9.2 feet! 


They are excellent scavengers, especially in hot regions like Spain.


Their stomach acid is so corrosive it allows them to digest flesh from putrid carcasses that can contain Botulinum toxin, even Anthrax (wool-sorters disease).


They rely on a soaring flight and have been found at altitudes as high as 32,800feet 10,000 mtrs,
but can also glide low over the ground when taking off or landing.


In 1980, there were around 1000 Griffons left in Spain; today, there are tens of thousands.
Some are migratory, overwintering in Africa, whilst others are resident and nomadic.


Many people believe that their bald heads are so because of their feeding habits and all the blood and gore. This has been researched; in fact, it is found to be for keeping their heads at a stable temperature.


They were getting quite close to us as we enjoyed our ham sandwiches!
 We were hopeful they didn't like mustard, even if it was Dijon!

 We made our next stop, just to the north of the Bardenas Reales, at Laguna de Pitilas,
 a favourite birding site for us.


The light and clouds over the Laguna were beautiful.


Out on the Laguna, there were good numbers of migratory birds. These included waders like Ruff in large numbers, ducks, Red Crested Pochard, Pochard, and Gadwall, and migrating Greylag Geese.


Then, echoing across the hills came the deep, trilling calls of large numbers of Common Cranes. They, like us, had just crossed the Pyrenees; we could see how weary these birds were on their migration south. They would probably have been aiming for the Laguna de Gallacanta, south of Zaragosa,
but needed to land and rest.

http://roadrunnersmikelinda.blogspot.fr/2014/03/the-road-to-gallocanta.html
 

Many more Cranes passed over, sometimes in small family groups.

 We also rested close by, falling asleep to their cries in the night.


We watched thousands of wintering Starlings head to their roost that evening.


The following day, the Cranes were still passing overhead as we made our way out onto the Bardenas Reales. These days, with modern irrigation systems, the landscape is starting to change; green fields are appearing virtually overnight in the desert terrain.
The Bardenas Reales is a semi-desert or bad land covering forty-two thousand hectares.
It is a classified UNESCO biosphere reserve.
There are enclaves of Mediterranean landscape and Aleppo pines.
It was in one of these areas that we searched for bird life.


Among some trees, we found a small flock of Goldcrests that were probably overwintering.


It's not a great photo, but it is good to see a Blue throat skulking in the rushes surrounding a small pond.
There was no need to disturb such a beautiful bird; it was probably heading further South in Spain or into Portugal!


 The Bardenas Reales has beautiful colours, including ochres, blacks, greys, and browns. The light sand and gypsum reflect incredible light. However, the heat haze, even in November, makes distant photography difficult.


The Cabezon de Castildetiera.

The landscape is full of isolated hills called Cabezos, made up of clay, chalk, and sandstone. Wind and rain have eroded and shaped what we see today. This area is named the Bárdena Blanca due to the abundant salt, which gives it a white hue.


The distant view across Reso Javielo, a patchwork of seasonal streams across the area, was dry.


Millions of years ago, the basin opened to the Mediterranean Sea, and it drained, leaving the rich, deep sediments that are today farmed.


Clouds of gypsum dust followed the modern agriculture machinery.


While another vista showed a more ancient way of life.

In that vast area, sounds travelled a long distance, and we heard a noise getting louder and louder, as were the massive grey shapes that got closer.


Seeming to rise out of the distant sand came the C-17s, transporting the American 82nd Airborne Division.
Seven of these vast planes flew over us; the roar of their engines was deafening.

Far in the distance, they turned and disgorged their contents.


Apparently, we were in the middle of Trident Juncture, NATO's most extensive training exercise in many years.
On the 4th of November, they dropped 650 paratroopers from Fort Bragg in America onto the Zaragoza training area.


From our position on the Bardenas Reales, we could make out the distant gunnery range, where Czech and Spanish jets fired their cannons. Explosions filled the air.


Cougar attack helicopters swept low over us.
Don't Shoot!


It was an unusual end to our day. As the sun descended, we watched a Spanish Air Force F-18 prepare for landing at Zaragoza Airbase. In the far distance, we could see the snow-capped peaks of the Pyrenees, where we had watched Lammergeier Vultures!


That evening, as we drove towards Tudela, we had to stop and photograph the sun setting,
the sun and colours portraying the Spanish flag.


On the other side of the Bardenas Reales, the moon had started to rise.

We have many memories of birds, both feathered and metal!

Happy Days!







Tuesday 19 January 2016

Lammergeier Vultures in the Pyrenees.

We were recently asked if we had planned our trips or had just set off. We prepare them, and they usually habitually diversify as we travel.
 This Autumn trip below was planned to see if we could find two types of birds, one small and one nearly as big as they come. The little guys we went looking for were Dippers. The big birds were the Lammergeier or Bearded Vultures.

From Pau we headed towards Lourdes, where the road
climbed up the French side of the Pyrenees and towards Gavarnie.
 We had never visited the Cirque de Gavarnie before.


Our advance could have been faster, as we had to stop to admire the magnificent views!


No Dippers yet!


As we trekked into the cirque, we could see the upper waterfall, the Grande Cascade de Gavarnie, which has an overall fall of 481mtrs, the highest in France. It is fed from a small glacier in Spain, which travels underground until it reaches the fall area.


The last part of the fall is 281 metres into the beginnings of the Gave de Pau stream. It then flows down for 180 kilometres through Pau, from where it got its name, joining the river Ardour, which, in turn, flows into the Atlantic Ocean.


The following morning, after poring over our maps, we decided to go higher, pausing at the ski station and continuing up a rough single-track road.


The views were quite stunning. We found Pipits and Black Redstarts, and we drove higher and higher.


We had climbed as far as possible, this little road leading to the border with Spain
 had now been closed off.
It was absolutely freezing, visibility was terrible, and we were in the clouds, so the only solution was to turn around. It had also started snowing!


At a lower level, we again went in search of Dippers, stopping when we found a clear, fast-flowing stream.


Luck was with us. We found a
White Throated Dipper (Cinclus cinclus) 


The iconic view of a Dipper, standing on a boulder in the fast-flowing water whilst looking for food.
It dives and swims underwater for aquatic invertebrates, aided by its unique webbed feet.


Again, the views were stunning as we passed over the Col d'Aspin in the French Pyrenees.


We saw Crested tits along the road that we followed into Spain.


The Autumn colours were fantastic.


We passed through the Bielsa tunnel and visited the nearby Valle De Pineta.
The weather was not good, so we moved on to the town of Aínsa. Anisa would be our base while we searched for Lammergeiers in the surrounding mountains.


As we attempted photographs of the Bearded Vultures, the high mountains were our search area.


The trekking was challenging, especially with our cameras, lenses, telescope, tripods, etc and picnic!


The weather deteriorated as we climbed even higher and found ourselves in the teeth of a storm.


The wind sometimes became ferocious, screaming over and through the high peaks.


The rain caused a rainbow in the ravine below us; Griffon Vultures could be seen passing through it; they all seemed to be flying down the mountains away from the storm!


Then, a Lammergeier flew over us.
Amazing! This was our closest-ever view of this magnificent Vulture.


We watched as it glided back and forth for some time.


 Later, we saw others. This example shows the orange-red staining they acquire from the iron-rich mud and sand they use for bathing. They say the redder the staining, the tougher the Lammergeier.


 Using the large boulders and bushes as a hide, we were able to observe these huge.
 Vultures for some time.
We would not have wanted to disturb or frighten them. They are so rare!
And locally threatened.
Using the Canon  EF 600mm f4 IS lens and converters, we could keep the camera hidden at a long distance.


It is also known as the "Bone Crusher" because, according to its eating habits, 85% to 90% of its food is bone marrow.
The only bird species to specialise in feeding on marrow.
The bone is often carried to a high altitude to feast upon the marrow and skilfully dropped onto rocks below. This is no mean feat and takes juvenile vultures up to seven years to master. The broken pieces are then swallowed, and their strong stomach acids digest the bone within 24 hours!
Because they are not solely reliant on scavenging for meat, they can return to a carcass weeks later to take the marrow, giving them an advantage over other vultures and carrion.



Incredibly, we had found one down and waited whilst it rested.
You can see its huge size: it can reach 125cm or 49 inches in length and weigh up to 7.8kg or a whopping 17.2 lbs.



Then, with a slow lumbering run down the hillside, it was airborne again. It felt strange as we heard the pounding on the ground as it ran. That said, they are the size of a large dog!



A juvenile Lammergeier suddenly appears over a grassy outcrop.
These young birds depend on the adults for two years after they fledge. This often causes the parent birds to have the problem of building a second massive nest in the interim year.


Perfect photograph for identifying a vast and long-winged Lammergeier, up to 2.83mtrs or 9ft3ins of wingspan and the long wedge-shaped tail.


That was it! We still had the long trek back down the mountains.


Looking back, they were lost in the clouds of their secret world.


Smiles all around as we headed back down the mountains.


With the dawn of a new day, we moved on, but memories of our days spent with the Lammergeiers
 in the high mountains will remain with us forever.